Bernardo BELLOTTO<br/>
<em>Ruins of the Forum, Rome</em> (c. 1743) <!-- (recto) --><br />

oil on canvas<br />
87.0 x 148.0 cm<br />
National Gallery of Victoria, Melbourne<br />
Felton Bequest, 1919<br />
964-3<br />

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Ruins of the Forum, Rome

Bernardo Bellotto

Rovine del Foro, Roma

Bernardo Bellotto

NGV ITALIA

Discover stories of Italian art, design, culture and life in the NGV Collection through dedicated events and resources, and explore two millennia of Italian painting, sculpture, prints and drawings, decorative arts and textiles, brought together for the first time on this site.

Supported by the Italian Australian Foundation

NGV ITALIA

Discover stories of Italian art, design, culture and life in the NGV Collection through dedicated events and resources, and explore two millennia of Italian painting, sculpture, prints and drawings, decorative arts and textiles, brought together for the first time on this site.

Supported by the Italian Australian Foundation

The eighteenth-century Venetian painter Bernardo Bellotto painted this view of the west end of the Roman Forum in around 1743, when he was still in his early twenties. Bellotto was the nephew and pupil of Venice’s most famous view painter, Giovanni Antonio Canal, better known as Canaletto. By the time he left Canaletto’s busy studio in the early 1740s to commence a career as an independent artist, Bellotto had quite thoroughly absorbed his uncle’s painting manner and techniques.

Despite his pedigree and training, Bellotto was by nature an autonomous soul. At an early age, he decided to leave the security of Venice and to explore Italy and, eventually, central and northern Europe. These travels stimulated the young artist to develop his own distinctive images of towns and landscapes – works that were to become highly valued. Ruins of the Forum dates from his very first sojourn in Rome. The painting is one of a group of seven large views showing the city’s most famous landmarks.

By the eighteenth century, the Forum – the centre of public life, commerce and religious worship in ancient Rome – was popularly known as the ‘Campo Vaccino’ (cow field). Some of the most famous architectural ruins of antiquity (such as the three prominent columns of the Temple of Castor and Pollux, seen in the foreground of this view) were still visible, though others were wholly or partly buried under the soil of the Campo. Full archaeological excavation of the area did not take place until the nineteenth century, so the Forum of Bellotto’s time remained a sleepy and poetic reminder of the decay of ancient Rome’s former glories. In the NGV’s painting, Bellotto contrasts the ancient ruins with the formidable presence of Michelangelo’s bell tower for the Senatorial Palace on the Capitoline Hill, and with the comings and goings of daily life in Rome, including the eager ‘Grand Tourists’ playfully examining the monuments.

Carl Villis, Senior Conservator of Paintings, National Gallery of Victoria

Il pittore veneziano settecentesco Bernardo Bellotto dipinse questa veduta dell’estremità occidentale del Foro Romano intorno al 1743, quando era ancora poco più che ventenne. Bellotto era nipote e allievo del più famoso pittore di vedute di Venezia, Giovanni Antonio Canal, meglio conosciuto come Canaletto. Quando, all’inizio del 1740, lasciò l’affollato studio di Canaletto per intraprendere la carriera di artista indipendente, Bellotto aveva assorbito a fondo i modi e le tecniche pittoriche dello zio.

Nonostante il suo pedigree e la sua formazione, Bellotto era per natura un’anima autonoma. In giovane età decise infatti di abbandonare la sicurezza di Venezia e di esplorare prima l’Italia, e poi l’Europa centrale e settentrionale. Questi viaggi stimolarono il giovane artista a sviluppare le proprie immagini distintive di città e paesaggi, opere che sarebbero diventate molto apprezzate. Rovine del Foro risale al suo primo soggiorno a Roma. Il dipinto fa parte di un gruppo di sette grandi vedute che mostrano i punti di riferimento più famosi della città.

Nel XVIII secolo, il Foro – centro della vita pubblica, del commercio e del culto religioso nell’antica Roma – era popolarmente conosciuto come “Campo Vaccino”. Alcune delle più famose rovine architettoniche dell’antichità, come le tre colonne prominenti del Tempio di Castore e Polluce, viste in primo piano in questa veduta, erano ancora visibili, mentre altre erano in tutto o in parte sepolte sotto il terreno del Campo. Lo scavo archeologico completo dell’area avvenne solo nel XIX secolo, così il Foro durante il tempo di Bellotto rimase un sonnolento e poetico ricordo della decadenza degli antichi fasti di Roma. Nel dipinto custodito dalla NGV, Bellotto contrappone le antiche rovine alla formidabile presenza del campanile michelangiolesco del Palazzo Senatorio in Campidoglio, e all’andirivieni della vita quotidiana di Roma, compresi gli impazienti turisti che esaminano divertiti i monumenti.

Carl Villis, Conservatore senior di dipinti, National Gallery of Victoria

Bernardo BELLOTTO
Ruins of the Forum, Rome (c. 1743)
oil on canvas
87.0 x 148.0 cm
National Gallery of Victoria, Melbourne
Felton Bequest, 1919
964-3

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