Hand embroidery has been a significant artform since antiquity. From the seventeenth century onwards, domestic and professional needlework across Europe and England shared common themes, styles and motifs. Floral imagery became a European obsession during the sixteenth to eighteenth centuries. Heavily embroidered, richly detailed garments first became popular in the sixteenth century and were intermittently in vogue until the nineteenth century. Costume historian Dilys Blum describes this work by Mary Richardson as ‘unusual due to the large proportion of black thread which forms a background to the image and words. The use of [complex stitches] ... is a fine display of the embroiderer’s skills’.