Fox departed for Europe in 1901 and from 1905 lived in Paris. That year he married fellow artist Ethel Carrick. Mother and child is the large-scale study for Motherhood, 1908 (Art Gallery of New South Wales, Sydney). The theme of mother and child was particularly significant for the artist throughout his career and the genesis for this composition was his sister-in-law Irene holding her daughter Bonnie, taken from sketches the artist made in Melbourne.