In the mid 1920s Margaret Preston embarked upon a campaign to establish a national Australian art based on the Indigenous art of Australia. Shoalhaven Gorge, New South Wales is one of a group of paintings made between 1940 and 1946 that show Preston appropriating elements of Aboriginal art into her own work.
Margaret Preston commenced her studies in Sydney before attending the National Gallery School in Melbourne, where she studied under Frederick McCubbin. As a young woman she travelled widely, studying Japanese art at the Musée Guimet, Paris, and spending extended periods of time in the French capital.